Discover Polaris, the versatile blockchain framework integrating EVM with Cosmos. Learn how its modular design, high performance, and community-driven approach make it a game-changer for developing decentralized applications. Explore key features, architecture, and benchmark results
About Polaris
Polaris is an adaptable blockchain framework designed to integrate the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) into various underlying networking or consensus layers. A standout feature of Polaris is its seamless integration with other blockchains in the Cosmos ecosystem, facilitated by the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol. Polaris also offers superior EVM support, ensuring compatibility with existing Ethereum dApps and smart contracts without requiring modifications.
Polaris core principles
Modularity
Each component within the framework is developed as a distinct package, complete with rigorous testing, documentation, and benchmarking. This modular approach allows developers to utilize individual components independently or combine them to create innovative EVM integrations tailored to their specific needs.
Configurability
The framework is highly customizable, enabling teams to tailor it to their unique use cases and preferences. This flexibility ensures that Polaris can accommodate a wide range of applications and development scenarios.
Performance
In the competitive landscape of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology, performance is paramount. Polaris is engineered to deliver optimal levels of performance and efficiency, ensuring that applications built on the framework operate seamlessly and reliably even under demanding conditions.
Contributor Friendliness
Berachain places a strong emphasis on open collaboration and community-driven innovation. While Polaris is currently licensed under BUSL-1.1, the company plans to adjust its licensing approach to support contributor-based schemes as the framework progresses towards production readiness. This commitment to contributor friendliness reflects Berachain’s dedication to fostering a vibrant and inclusive development ecosystem.
Architecture
Polaris operates an Ethereum mainnet-equivalent VM on top of a host chain. With its modular, plugin-based architecture, Polaris enables any host chain (e.g., Cosmos SDK-based chains) to execute Ethereum transactions on smart contracts. The application of the host chain must implement a series of plugins (Configuration, State, Block, Precompile, Gas, Tx Pool) so that Polaris Core can run state transitions in accordance with EVM specifications.
This architecture allows developers to add, remove, and replace components within the system as needed, making Polaris a fully configurable EVM playground.
Key Features of Polaris
Modular Design
Polaris embraces a modular architecture, allowing developers to seamlessly integrate EVM functionality into existing Cosmos SDK chains. This modular approach enables greater flexibility and customization, empowering developers to tailor their blockchain solutions to meet specific use cases and requirements.
EVM Compatibility
By seamlessly integrating EVM compatibility into Cosmos SDK chains, Polaris enables developers to leverage existing Ethereum tooling and infrastructure, streamlining the development process and reducing time-to-market for DApps.
Pluggable Components
Polaris offers pluggable components, allowing developers to mix and match different modules and clients to suit their needs. This flexibility not only enhances developer productivity but also promotes client diversity, bolstering the security and resilience of the blockchain network.
Compatibility with Existing Ethereum Infrastructure
Polaris ensures compatibility with existing Ethereum infrastructure, including JSON-RPC interfaces and tooling. This compatibility simplifies the migration of DApps from Ethereum to Cosmos-based chains, opening up new opportunities for innovation and collaboration.
Native Integration with Cosmos
As a framework built on top of the Cosmos SDK, Polaris seamlessly integrates with existing Cosmos chains, leveraging the robust networking, consensus, and application layers provided by the Cosmos ecosystem.
Benchmarks
While building out the modular architecture, considerable energy and resources were dedicated to maintaining high performance standards. On average, Polaris operates 2.013 times faster on popular ERC20/721 operations compared to EVMOS when comparing the nanoseconds per operation for the highlighted methods. Benchmarks were run on a 2021 M1 Max MacBook Pro.
Polaris
- BenchmarkTokenTransfer: 115739 ns/op
- BenchmarkTokenTransferFrom: 124508 ns/op
- BenchmarkTokenMint: 104184 ns/op
Conclusion
The Polaris VM introduces a groundbreaking framework for blockchain development, seamlessly merging the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with the Cosmos ecosystem. By emphasizing modularity, high performance, and a community-driven approach, Polaris offers a highly adaptable and efficient platform for developing decentralized applications. Its innovative architecture and superior benchmark results highlight its potential to significantly advance blockchain technology. As Polaris moves towards broader adoption, its focus on open collaboration is set to foster a vibrant ecosystem, shaping the future of blockchain development.
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